Libmonster ID: IN-1485
Author(s) of the publication: A. V. RAIKOV

D. KAUSHIK, L. MITROKHIN. Lenin. His Image in India. Delhi, Bombay, Bangalore. Vikas Publications. 1970. 167 p.

Published in India on the occasion of the centenary of Lenin's birth in both English and Hindi, the book "The Image of Lenin in India" was prepared by the Indian historian D. Kaushik and the Soviet journalist L. V. Mitrokhin, who spent a number of years in India. Looking for materials scattered in various publications about the leader of the proletarian revolution, they examined the collections of national libraries, the National Archives of India, memorial museums and university libraries. The book contains statements by figures of the Indian national liberation movement, selections from the press, excerpts from the first books about V. I. Lenin, poems and poems about him. It contains many previously unknown facts about the attitude of the Indian public towards V. I. Lenin and the Great October Socialist Revolution. "The compilers of the book," writes Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in the preface to the collection, " have prepared an interesting work on Lenin's influence on the most receptive minds of his contemporaries in India. Lenin's immortality lies in the creative power of his teaching... Deciding our own destiny in our own way, we will always draw inspiration from the great figures of the world who, like Lenin, gave everything to their people."

Representatives of various branches of the Indian national liberation movement turned to the ideological legacy of V. I. Lenin to find answers to the most exciting questions. Lenin's ideas on the national question, on the struggle against imperialism, on socio-economic transformations, and on the revolutionary movement of the working class attracted their close attention. At the same time, as the collection shows, depending on their ideological positions, various figures approached the ideological legacy of V. I. Lenin in their own way. For veterans of the Indian National Congress party B. G. Tilak and Lajpat Rai, V. I. Lenin is primarily a fighter against imperialism, for peace and freedom of enslaved nations. The new generation is characterized by a deeper approach to the study of revolutionary theory. J. Nehru, for example, wanted to understand the ideas of Marxism, because today, as he wrote, "they move the broad masses of men and women and can help us in our own country" (p. 10).

The collection also testifies to the great interest in the ideas of V. I. Lenin on the part of the petty-bourgeois revolutionaries of India. They were characterized by a revolutionary impatience, a disregard for mass political struggle, for social problems, a fascination with conspiratorial methods and a tendency to act through individual terror. According to the collection, you can trace how the works of V. I. Lenin helped many of them to get rid of mistakes over time. Indian revolutionaries deeply studied the experience of the Bolshevik Party, the works of V. I. Lenin, and showed an increasing interest in social problems, the historical role of the proletariat, and the class struggle. Especially instructive are the memoirs of the famous Indian revolutionary Bhagat Singh. In his deathbed address to his comrades from prison, he called on them to participate in mass political struggle. His advice to turn to the organization of workers and peasants and renounce conspiratorial activities was undoubtedly inspired by the works of V. I. Lenin (p.144).

Excerpts from a book published in 1921 by the current Chairman of the National Council of the Communist Party of India, Sh. A. Dange, attest to the author's early acquaintance with the works of V. I. Lenin and the documents of the Comintern, and his deep attention to the most important issues of the revolutionary movement of the proletariat, as well as the connection between the international workers ' and national liberation movements. Numerous excerpts from the Indian press collected in the book convincingly show that the country's democratic public welcomed the October Revolution in Russia and its leader, linking hopes for India's liberation from colonial oppression with the birth of the Soviet state. The newspapers thoroughly covered the domestic and foreign policy of the Soviet government. Highlighting in Lenin's activities those features that were closest and most understandable to them, progressive Indian publicists wrote about him as a great humanist, a fighter for peace, for the interests of workers, for liberation

page 189

oppressed peoples. Some authors developed the idea of a natural change in the rule of capitalists by the "kingdom of sudras", that is, the state of workers, in a peculiar form.

For the first time, the book contains dozens of obituaries from the Indian press on the death of V. I. Lenin. The democratic press emphasized the class nature of his activities. Obituaries in the first communist magazine, The Socialist, published by S. A. Dange, and in S. Chettiar's The Labor Kishan Gazette are particularly noteworthy. The main motive of these documents is the belief that the cause of V. I. Lenin will inevitably prevail not only in Russia, but throughout the world.

The compilers of the collection gave detailed references to sources everywhere. But brief information about the authors and periodicals from which the excerpts are taken would be equally useful. Such references would allow the reader to more clearly navigate the contents of the collection.

Soon after its release, it was highly regarded by the Indian public. The newspaper "Amrita Bazar Patrika" wrote on April 19, 1970, that although the influence of Lenin's ideas on India is generally recognized, "however, in general, it was not known how deep it was and how long ago it was manifested. The book we are reviewing can be considered a revelation in this respect. Compilers of the book... they deserve the gratitude of serious researchers for their painstaking scientific work." Soviet Orientalists can also join this assessment.

page 190


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